Building science is the collection of scientific knowledge that focuses on the analysis and understanding of the physical construction phenomena affecting buildings. This includes the detailed analysis of building materials and building envelope systems. The practical purpose of building science is to provide predictive capability to optimize building performance and understand or prevent building failures. Infrared building science is the application of infrared (IR) thermographic inspection techniques as a powerful and noninvasive means of monitoring and diagnosing the condition of buildings. IR cameras in the hands of trained thermographers can provide immediate documentation of as-built, pre- and post-restoration conditions, post-casualty cause and origin data, plumbing and building envelope water leakage, post-flood and fire water-damaged material assessment, energy use inefficiency, and electrical problems. The Building Science series emphasizes practical real-world skill building, and includes infrared theory relevant to these skills.